China’s Own Aircraft Carrier Has Been in Building

China has started focus on its first aircraft company and most likely will build up several, together with dressing up an old Russian company that’s set to start ocean tests soon, Government authorities stated.

“We expect China to construct a minumum of one indigenous company, most likely several, however they haven’t revealed the number of they plan to build, exactly what the construction schedule will [be] or what their missions is going to be,Inch stated a defense official acquainted with intelligence checks.

Another defense official stated China regards aircraft service providers as key symbols of global energy projection and it is unlikely to construct just two.

Other defense authorities stated checks concerning the indigenous service providers derive from intelligence showing construction from the first indigenous company in the Changxing Island Shipyard in Shanghai.

The company seems in satellite photos to become similar in design towards the Varyag, a Soviet-era company bought by China that utilizes a sky-jump style takeoff ramp in front from the ship.

The company program is a facet of China’s military buildup that’s being carefully supervised by U.S. military intelligence.

“We’re conscious of Chinese military modernization programs and therefore are monitoring carefully this along with other military developments in China,” the official stated.

The authorities said in reaction to news recently that China intends to build two indigenous aircraft service providers. Japan’s Yomiuri Shimbun first reported the company development on This summer 10.

The warships are contributing to concerns among other Asian nations that fear Beijing uses the energy projection platforms to seize control of huge regions of worldwide waters, like individuals within the South China Ocean, East China Ocean and Yellow Ocean ?a where China has stated maritime sovereignty.

China military is involved in a sizable-scale buildup which includes new proper and conventional missiles, aircraft, anti-satellite weaponry along with a new ballistic missile for focusing on ships at ocean.

Meanwhile, the U.S. military is facing an Federal government intend to trim between 0 billion and trillion in defense investing within the next decade.

“Two aircraft service providers are now being built in the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai,” a Chinese official with ties to China’s Communist Party leadership told Reuters a week ago.

China’s tightly controlled condition media formerly introduced no plans to have an aircraft company pressure. It absolutely was anticipated because the the nineteen nineties when U.S. intelligence agencies detected Chinese jets practicing company deck-style takeoffs and landings at inland airfield.

China’s Defense Ministry has confirmed that it’ll soon begin performing ocean tests about the former Kuznetsov-class company known as the Varyag, that was bought in the past underneath the guise of transforming it right into a floating casino.

Defense Ministry spokesperson Geng Yansheng told reporters in Beijing on Wednesday the company now has wrinkles and will also be employed for “scientific research, experiment and training.”

“The warship continues to be seaworthy, as it’s been docked at ocean for a while,” he stated, observing that “practicing aircraft aircraft pilots also happening.”

Mr. Geng stated aircraft service providers are now being developed due to China’s lengthy coastlines and enormous territorial waters.

Regarding future indigenous service providers, Mr. Geng stated: “Both overestimation and underestimation of China’s future aircraft aircraft happen to be wrong.”

Building and operating aircraft service providers is really a “sacred responsibility of China’s military,” Mr. Geng stated, observing the complexness of operating large ships that launch and recover aircraft.

“A plane company is really a weapons platform you can use it for offensive or defensive reasons. It is also accustomed to maintain global peace as well as for save and relief work,” he stated.

Reviews from China stated the company is anticipated to start performing ocean tests this month.

The ship likely is going to be used towards the south China Ocean island of Hainan, where China also intends to deploy its new nuclear-powered submarines.

China is building attack and ballistic missile submarines, and satellite photos have proven a dent for an underwater submarine base on Hainan.

Tensions remain full of the South China Ocean as Chinese ships has progressed to assert treatments for large regions of disputed waters within the ocean, also is stated by Vietnam, the Philippines, Taiwan, Malaysia and Brunei.

Among individuals in the area worried about China’s military buildup is Japan. A government defense report released in December stated China’s growing missile and naval forces, and also the secrecy all around the development, “are of interest for that regional and global community.”

“China’s next moves need to be viewed carefully, or there eventually might be an adverse effect on maritime safety in Asia,” Yoshihiko Yamada, a professor at Japan’s Tokai College.

China’s curiosity about developing aircraft service providers elevated consequently from the 1996 crisis over Taiwan. In those days, China fired short-range missiles at Taiwan, and also the Government responded by delivering two aircraft company strike groups to waters close to the island.

Written by Fower Lee

Dark Chocolate China Cabinet Furniture

The china cabinets are not only highly attractive but they also provide generous storage area to its customers. When you will buy dark chocolate china cabinet furniture you will truly add class to your home furniture. The chocolate china cabinet furniture is highly idolized among people. The most outstanding feature of dark china cabinet furniture is its affordability and its stylish look. Once you have managed to buy dark pine china cabinet, all you need to compose your display items carefully.

Benefits of Dark Chocolate Pine Wood Furniture

Dark pine wood chocolate china furniture has so many advantages over an ordinary piece of wooden furniture. Pine wood which is used in the making of dark chocolate color china cabinets has sturdy appearance and it has unbelievably long life. It means that if you will buy a pine wood china cabinet with chocolate finishing then it means that you will like to pass it down through generations. The wood of pine tree is known to be one of the strongest woods of the world and it has the capability to withstand against surplus moisture.

A unique piece of pine wood chocolate color china cabinet is believed to give a unique touch of peace and pleasure in the surrounding environment. However, you can add plenty of things to enhance the beauty of dark color pine wood china cabinet.

One thing which can really uplift the beauty of pine wood china cabinets is its mirrored panels. Glass panels can increase the beauty of your collectables. These days, you can also find pine wood china cabinets with beautiful interior illuminating. You can also buy a china cabinet that offers multiple light settings. Another thing which can raise the beauty of china cabinets is its beautiful nickel knobs. Some craftsmen also use brass handles because they also look trendy and fashionable as well.

The china cabinets are not only highly attractive but they also provide generous storage area to its customers. When you will buy dark chocolate china cabinet furniture you will truly add class to your home furniture. The chocolate china cabinet furniture is highly idolized among people. The most outstanding feature of dark china cabinet furniture is its affordability and its stylish look. Once you have managed to buy dark pine china cabinet, all you need to compose your display items carefully.

Benefits of Dark Chocolate Pine Wood Furniture

Dark pine wood chocolate china furniture has so many advantages over an ordinary piece of wooden furniture. Pine wood which is used in the making of dark chocolate color china cabinets has sturdy appearance and it has unbelievably long life. It means that if you will buy a pine wood china cabinet with chocolate finishing then it means that you will like to pass it down through generations. The wood of pine tree is known to be one of the strongest woods of the world and it has the capability to withstand against surplus moisture.

A unique piece of pine wood chocolate color china cabinet is believed to give a unique touch of peace and pleasure in the surrounding environment. However, you can add plenty of things to enhance the beauty of dark color pine wood china cabinet.

One thing which can really uplift the beauty of pine wood china cabinets is its mirrored panels. Glass panels can increase the beauty of your collectables. These days, you can also find pine wood china cabinets with beautiful interior illuminating. You can also buy a china cabinet that offers multiple light settings. Another thing which can raise the beauty of china cabinets is its beautiful nickel knobs. Some craftsmen also use brass handles because they also look trendy and fashionable as well.

Written by ThomasLogan

Replacement China

Find missing items for your tea service with Replacement China from a reputable supplier

What happens when you break a teacup or a saucer from your finest china collection? You make do and mend, try to salvage what’s left of the set, make sure that other items don’t get broken.That’s easier said than done.Quite rightly, you want to enjoy your finest china on special occasions and it’s not the same when you have missing pieces.However, there’s plenty of Discontinued China on the internet, in fact, specialist services offer Replacement China for customers in need.The Replacement China caters for a wide variety of collections, from tea services to limited edition plates and other collectables.Yes, it’s annoying when you break an item from a treasured tea or coffee set, but all isn’t lost when Replacement China is available for a very competitive price.

Broken china, broken heart

It’s so upsetting when you break a precious piece of china and that’s the time to look for Replacement China.You might think certain items are irreplaceable because of their sentimental value, however one-off pieces can be found through Discontinued China collections.

Of course, gifts that are given to you on special occasions tend to be the hardest items to replace. They could be wedding presents, anniversary gifts, or the types of gestures that’ll bring a tear to your eye, whatever the occasion.If you are in the unfortunate position of having broken a precious plate or bowl, look for Replacement China online.There are sites dedicated to Replacement China products and they sell collections from a bygone era from the top china manufacturers around the globe.Don’t despair if you break an item from your current collection; Replacement China isn’t hard to come by.

China crisis

It might seem like the world has come to end when you smash your favourite china teapot but all is not lost. Whether you like Wedgewood, Royal Doulton, Alfred Meakin or products from Hornsea collections, Replacement China can be found. Searching for missing pieces from a treasured collection has become easier thanks to Discontinued China services. Browse through numerous items of Replacement China that complete a curtailed coffee set. Find the missing bowl that you’ve been longing for or add to an existing collection with products from the Replacement China range. sou don’t have to make do and mend with missing items anymore, not when Replacement China is ready to be shipped.

Collingwoodfinechina.com specialise in Replacement China.Our family run business was established over five years ago following a passion for collecting china. Contact us now for Discontinued China.

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China: The Sleeping Giant Awakens

CHINA: The Sleeping Giant Awakens

“Science and technology are the decisive factors in the competition of comprehensive national strength.”

—Wen Jiabao, Chinese Premier (April 1, 2005)

The books of histories are crammed with the stories of most powerful nations; the reason of their excellent luck was the only, they work with full devotion and commitment for the betterment of their general masses and same is true for the nation of opium eaters (China), today this very nation and her people are rising and shaping the world as never before. With the struggle of Mao Tse Dung, China stride for the better future free from agony and pain, they toiled day and night; there was a time when the western nations use to crack jocks and call their names. Today, we can see that business is complaining about the value of the Chinese Yuan (¥), which is certainly pegging the US dollar. U.S. and world over markets are getting flooded by Chinese goods. With 1.2 billion people, China absolutely is a major player on the world’s economic stage.

Napoleon Bonaparte once said of China, “It’s a sleeping giant, Let her sleep, for when she wakes, she will shake the world.” Today Chinais not only fully awake but also standing up in all its might. Barry Buzan says in his book that “China re-emerged during 1950’s and 1960’s from a much remote past as great power”[1]. To him the pace of China’s real development, as well as its great mooted potential, seemed to similar some way to Germany in 19th century.

People’s Republic of China is reaching the top ranks of many indicators of aggregate economic size. China is now among the ten largest exporting countries. The trade is another factor in the booming China because “China’s total trade with the developed world grew 88 percent faster that its trade with the developed states between 1999 and 2003”[2]. And at the same time it’s a great set back for the successful countries like US “the U.S trade deficit with China is now running at an annual rate of 0 billion”[3]. Edward Fried Man and Bruce Gilley magnificently explains that China is peopled by a culture famous for its entrepreneurial flair, attention to education, and political pragmatism[4] and to them China’s global success story started by reducing poverty and moving toward a prosperous market economy. Since its economic reforms in 1978, “China has more than quadrupled its national income”[5]. The corner stone, for the China’s boom is lying in its focused on economic modernization and their policy to avoid the political pluralism.

Jorg Schultz and V.P. Malik explain the strategy of China’s peaceful rise they tend to say in their edited book that Chinese are adherent of the ancient –wisdom like Sun Zi and Confucius[6]. All the leaders of China were remain willing to see the china a flourishing country as Premier Zhou Enlai outlined the “five principles of peaceful Coexistence” in 1953, mutual-respect for territorial and sovereignty, non-aggression, non-interferences, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence.[7] China is also practicing the Deng Xiaoping’s four axioms: “for the strategies of peaceful rise the necessary things are (1)Peaceful development (2)Avoid conflict (3)advance incrementally and (4)maintain stability”[8].

            China is closely looking on the side of economy and trade Jorg Schultz and V.P. Malik has given the figures: China’s export growth ascended after 2001, when China became a member of the WTO. Living in globalize era where states are interdependent on each other, every state wants to become economically strong and in order to achieve their national interest economy of a country can be labeled as the backbone, which plays significant role. Between 1979 and 2005, according to Beijing’s own figures:

China’s GDP increased from less than 0 billions to .65 trillions; foreign trade climbed from .6 billion to .15 trillion; per capita income rose from 0 to more than 00; and its share of the global economy grew from about 1 percent to 4%.[9]

Bandung conferences is one of the other factor which made China to rise on the glob as a international leadership this conference held  in Indonesia which involved delegations from twenty nine Asian and African nations, “China’s involvement at Bandung opened the door to greater cooperation with host of countries around world and offered China opportunity to assert international leadership”[10]. China is looking toward the world market to get a wholesome profit for her industries as:

Its growing acceptance of free market principles and a willingness to actively participating in regional and global association, such as the world trade organization (WTO) and ASEAN+3 , have helped integrate China into the larger global economic and diplomatic order. [11]

On digging a little deeper into the classical writings, Barry Buzan distinguishes the great powers from the other power he states the Kenneth Waltz’s definition:

The economic, military, and other capabilities of nations can’t be sectored and separately weighed. States are not placed in top rank because they excel in one way or another. Their rank depends on how they score on all following items size of population and territory, resources endowment, economic capability, military strength, political stability and competence.[12]

            If we cast a look upon the performance of the CCP, we can see that 80 years of transition of the process of economic reform is one of liberalization China’s economic reforms started with Deng Xiaoping’s power as the second generation of Chinese leadership after death of Mao Zedong. Deng’s era: promoting economic growth and introducing market oriented reform in China, Deng’s reform therefore acted to strengthen the regions at the expense of the centre and to solidify the political importance of economic capital practice in China’s economic development.

China has seen many ups and downs as there was a chaotic time the massive confusion of Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) threatened the legitimacy of communist party rule. China’s paramount leader, Deng Xiaoping, understood that “the survival of the party would be depending inerasably on economic”[13]. Deng created a political consensus within the party that combined an open mind on economic restructuring with strict political control to maintain social stability.

A sustained economic growth requires further reforms in Chinese economic system and reducing the state’s regulatory power through decentralization and privatization, and further institutional liberation. A principle of legitimacy concerns the survival, power, and leadership of the CCP “in post Deng China; institution building is both a result of and motivation for performance for third generation of Chinese leadership under Hu Jintao”.[14] Chinese President Hu Jintao first introduced the Peaceful Rise theory to Asia on his tour of South Asia in October 2003[15]; “peaceful rise” means that China must seek out a peaceful global environment and ways to enhanced its economy.

China has been through two historical revolutions, the first was a political one, undoubtedly altered the balance of power after World War II. The second was economic revolution, which occurred after and had a profound effect on the world after the Cold War. It was roaming around the massive liberation from state ownership and central planning. People can own the lands. If we compare Russia and China both were the communist countries, though Russia experienced a political revolution but really no economic one. In China, the Communist Party’s grip remains secure, but its economy is much freer.

According to IMF estimates, “the biggest factor behind growth in China was added use of capital, contributing proportionately more than twice as much to GDP growth as India”[16]. China’s influence on global affairs is growing. China is now the second largest global consumer of oil. China’s participation in UN peacekeeping operations, and a more peaceful diplomacy with neighboring states, has succeeded in improving China’s global image. China’s rise presents inevitable threats to US supremacy and global power and China’s new foreign policy has served its national interest well; but China doesn’t want to enter in any competition with other countries for influence.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Buzan, Barry The UnitedStateand the Great Powers: World Politics in 21st century; Polity Press, UK 2004

Chen, Weixing and Yang Zhong (Ed). Leadership in a changing China; Palgrave Macmillan ,2005

Eisenman, Botnam, E. Hegin & Derk Mitchell, Ed. Chinaand the Developing world: Beijing’s strategy for the twenty –first century; An East Gate book, New York, 2007

Fried Man, Edward and Bruce Gilley. Asian Giants; Palgrave Macmillan, 2005

Schultz, Jorg & Malik(Ed) TheRise of China: perspective from Asiaand  Europe;  Pentagon Press, New Delhi, 2008

REFERENCES: 

Funabashi, Oksenberg and Weiss, H. (1994). An Emerging China-In a World of Interdependence. Retrieved on November 20, 2008, from http://www.trilateral. org/projwork/tfrsums/tfr45.htm  
The long march to be a superpower-ChinaRetrieved  on November 20, 2008, fromhttp://www.defence.pk/forums/military-photos-multimedia/16066-china-rising-superpower.html
Braude, Michael.China’s economic stature — like its population – is huge Retrieved on November 20,2008, from http://www bizjournals.com/ kansascity / stories /2006/06/19/editoria l3.html?q= emerging china as a main powerRon Scherer, Booming Chinatrade rankles US; Retrieved on November 18, 2008, from http://www csmonitor.com /2003/0805/p0 1s02-usec.html

[1] Barry Buzan. The UnitedStateand the Great Powers: World Politics in 21st century; Polity Press, UK 2004

[2] Eisenman, Botnam, E. Hegin & Derk Mitchell, Ed. Chinaand the Developing world: Beijing’s strategy for the twenty –first century; An East Gate book, New York, 2007

[3]Ron Scherer, Booming Chinatrade rankles US; Retrieved on November 18, 2008, from http://www csmonitor.com /2003/0805/p0 1s02-usec.html

[4] Edward Fried Man and Bruce Gilley. Asian Giants; Palgrave Macmillan, 2005

[5] ibid.

[6] Jorg Schultz & Malik. The rise of China: perspective from Asiaand Europe; Pentagon Press, New Delhi, 2008. p. 38

[7] Eisenman, Botnam, E. Hegin & Derk Mitchell, Ed. China and the Developing world: Beijing’s strategy for the twenty –first century; An East Gate book, New York, 2007

[8] ibid. p. 59.

[9] Eisenman, Botnam, E. Hegin & Derk Mitchell, Ed. Chinaand the Developing world: Beijing’s strategy for the twenty –first century; An East Gate book, New York, 2007

[10] ibid.

[11] ibid.

[12] Barry Buzan. The UnitedStateand the Great Powers: World Politics in 21st century; Polity Press, UK 2004

[13] Edward Fried Man and Bruce Gilley. Asian Giants; Palgrave Macmillan, 2005

[14] Weixing Chen and Yang Zhong (Ed). Leadership in a changing China; Palgrave Macmillan ,2005

[15] Eisenman, Botnam, E. Hegin & Derk Mitchell, Ed. Chinaand the Developing world: Beijing’s strategy for the twenty –first century; An East Gate book, New York, 2007

[16] Edward Fried Man and Bruce Gilley. Asian Giants; Palgrave Macmillan, 2005

Written by afor pineapple
Freelance writer

Importing Clean Tech From China

Since Obama doesn’t seem to want to give much of that money he is printing to US green tech companies, we may as well import our green technology from China.  They developed their lead in green technology from the money they make off of us so why no take advantage.

Buy your wind turbines from China

High tech moving to China

China Clean Energy Network

China and carbon

China and Clean Tech

Brains draining toward China

China spends .6 Billion and the US spends .6 Billion on Clean Tech

Giving the trillions that Obama has printed and given to the wall street thieves who all but destroyed the entire financial world, it is difficult to see why he can print and buy energy independence and jobs by putting in enough solar cells and infrastructure to power the US entirely off of solar energy.

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Selling China

By poetryman69

Giving China the Business

China on the Cheap – Associated Content – associatedcontent.com

Doing small business in China

How to Have a Soft Landing in China | eHow.com

How to Have a Soft Landing in China. Often problems like laws, language and custom make it difficult to do business in a foreign country. What is needed is a soft landing. A soft landing would be an America friendly place in a…

How to do Business Travel in China | FireHow.com

How to do Business Travel in China. Forming business models that will allow the expansion of American business into Chinese markets

Giving China the Business – Associated Content – associatedcontent.com

A profitable business model for China

How to Bring Chinese Students to America | FireHow.com

How to Bring Chinese Students to America. We need to generate some more foreign trade income for the US

China on a Shoestring | Bukisa.com

How do small businesses get a foothold in China?

Doing Business in China in 2010, the Year of the Metal Tiger – Associated Content – associatedcontent.com

Doing business in the Year of the White Metal Tiger

Bull in a China Shop

Product Marketing and International Accounting in Emerging Markets and China

Soft Landing in China

Doing Business in China

How to Bring Chinese Students to America

How to do Business Travel in China

Chinese Business Plan

Giving China the Business

Jiang Qian Lilly

Lilly: Jiang Qian

The Heart of the Metal Tiger. Happy Metal Tiger Valentines Day!

The Chinese New Year, the Year of the Metal Tiger, begins on Valentines Day, Feb 14th.

The Year of the Tiger

2010 Predictions

How the seer sees

Law of Attraction

Happy Metal Tiger New Year eHowlers!

How to be a Tea Bagger

How to do Business in China

The Goat prepares for the Year of the Tiger

Discourse of the Thunders

Talking clouds

2010 the Year of the Metal Tiger

Taking a Metal Tiger to Tea

The Year of the Tiger

2010 Predictions

How the seer sees

Law of Attraction

Naked in America

The Secret Lives of Nudists

Traveling Naked

GaGa

Still Sexy After all these Years

2010 Predictions. Billy and the Cyber Punks

2010 New Year Predictions. Flight of the Billionaires

2010 Predictions. When Grannies Attack. Happy New Year!

2010 Predictions. Total Recall. Term Limits

2010 Predictions. The Year of the Tiger

Have a Blue Moon New Year

Happy Beer Year!

2010 Predictions. The Year of the Tiger

2010 Predictions. Total Recall. Term Limits

Abolish the EPA

Save the Earth, Eat your Dog

2010 Predictions. Billy and the Cyber Punks

2010 Predictions.  When Grannies Attack

2010 Predictions.  Flight of the Billionaires

How get a job in 30 days

,000 per year

Earning per hour

Free stuff and giveaways

12 Days of GiveAways. Happy Xmas Freebies

Free Software

The next million

Beer Omelet

It is better to be drunk than wasted

Money for Art

Dictionary of Dreams

2010 Predictions:  The year of the Tiger

The Capitalist Manifest:  Dismantling Marxism

Christmas Star

Cyber Rainbow

Feathered Suns

Free Short Poems online.  Free Gallery online

New Moon Poetry

Google’s Secret Count Down

Top 20 Gag Gifts

Of Fire flowers and crocus neath freshly fallen snow

the cold snaps and steam rises from hidden waters

seized up and spillout over the snow

Double Happiness

Happy 2010. Happy New Year. Year of the Tiger

2010 New Year Fictional Predictions

2010 Predictions. The Year of the Tiger

2010 Predictions. Total Recall. Term Limits

Abolish the EPA

Save the Earth, Eat your Dog

2010 Predictions. Billy and the Cyber Punks

2010 Predictions.  When Grannies Attack

2010 Predictions.  Flight of the Billionaires

Mother Earth.  Earth Songs.  Earth Dreams

Written by poetryman69
Zed Power

More China Articles

An Obsession Made in China

After checking e-mail this morning, I ran across an article in a piece of news on Yahoo! about the evasion of China’s agricultural products in Vietnam market. Not so long before, via Facebook, I read a funny article about instantly eatable dried cuttlefish made of rubber and imported from China. It will be nothing to say if a country reliant on service industry like Singapore imports almost everything abroad. However, that will be a big question if a country whose 40% GDP is contributed by agriculture, fishery and processing has to import those things from China.

Some people will explain that because China and Vietnam is too close in many terms, the popularity of China products in Vietnam is too common. However, the problem is not that simple. When the overseas Vietnamese people who live in the United States of America make a trip to visit the home country, they usually bring with them electronic stuffs as gifts for their relatives in Vietnam. Mobile phone and computer are of the best choice. Unfortunately, when their relatives open the gift bought in the US, they found it “made in China”. Doubtlessly, “Made-in-China” is not only a fact of life, it also an obsession around the world.

A Gloomy Picture

I have been working in research and consulting industry for over 7 years and that is why I can understand clearly how badly the US financial crisis and global recession impacted the economy of every country all over the world. Nonetheless, it has been a challenge for me to explain why China has succeeded in keeping high growth rate during the global recession while the US has been struggling to avoid a negative growth rate. If you look at the statistics, you will see that the US is losing its position in the global marketplace. As recorded in IMF’s World Economic Outlook, the US made a zero growth in 2008 and only 2.6% in 2009 while China led the world with 9.6% and 9.1% respectively. It is likely that the global recession had no impact on China economic at all. Even worse, the China’s economy is projected to top 10.5% this year and 9.6% in 2011 whereas the US’s economy is forecast to grow by 2.6% and 2.3% accordingly. Regarding this scenario, it is understandable for many analysts to predict that “China’s GDP to overtake U.S. by early 2020s” as seen in Chris Oliver’s article published on MarketWatch.com.

The takeover is not something scary in term of the economic output. However, the way the takeover happens is much more threatening. A Chinese politician will not tell you that China will overtake the US by pulling all the jobs created by the US companies to Chinese companies but this will be the truth that exists objectively. We are all witnessing the ruthless practice that while Obama is trying his best to reduce the unemployment rate his citizens has to buy products marked “Made in China”. The funny thing is that we have not found a satisfactory answer for the question “Which do we need? Low-price products or our jobs?” Even though the US businesspeople know clearly that outsourcing to China will drain the jobs in the country, they cannot help it because they are paid for creating profit, not for creating jobs for the US people. We are now get stuck with the eggs-and-hens-like question and that is why “The recession was made in China”, as remarked by David Frum in his article on CNN.

An Obsession Made in China

Definitely, all of us may notice that they are surrounded by things made in China but we cannot help it because all products can be made in China. We all believed that the US invented computer and almost all information technology products. Therefore, it is reasonable for us to expect to bring home an affordable laptop made in the US. Unfortunately, we will be disappointed by IT retailers because we hardly found a computer made in somewhere other than China.

It will be common if we can see made-in-China products in Dollar Trees, Wal-Marts or in other store as an option for American customers. Nevertheless, made-in-China products are now dominating almost all stores in the nation. Nowadays, it is hard for people to buy a product made in USA. IT products, electronic and electric goods, clothing, ornament, personal care products and home furniture and are all made in China. It is likely that the US companies today can produce food, gun and airplane only. Many people will wonder if some time in near future the US will become another Singapore. If no action was taken promptly, that day will not too far.

Little Resistance

While a pool of money is being pouring into the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and many politicians are wasting time calling for human rights in other countries, made-in-China products are evading the US market and jobs for Americans are being drained. Though unemployment benefits in this country are appreciated, people prefer to work. In recent years, the unemployment rate of China remained well below 5% while that of the US was well above 9%. Despite all the efforts of the US Government, the unemployment rate of the nation was just a bit lower than 10% in Oct 2010. The US residents are wondering when the efforts to create jobs of the Government pay off.

Recently, there was a rumor that Donald Trump was considering running for the presidency in 2012. Trump did not grab people’s attention with his successes in entertainment and real estate industries. Instead, his care for the made-in-China problems did catch people attention. We are not sure if Trump will run for the presidency or if he will insist on his promise, but we all understand the obsession made in China is catching the attention of all American, including the politicians. If the miracle maker is not Donald Trump, the US will need another to deal with made-in-China problems. Otherwise, the problems will be an obsession.

Written by Hoang Nguyen
Graduate Student at Globe University, Senior Market Analyst

China Bashing & Foreign Investments in Africa

China Bashing & Foreign Investments in Africa

Written by Paul I. Adujie

Who exactly defines, asserts, defend and protect continental Africa’s best interests? Why are too many Africans aping, and regurgitating acerbic criticisms of China by America and European nations, western nations who have in fact, had 600 years of dominating Africa? Western nations which have enjoyed unbridled and unmitigated monopoly of African human and material resources?

China has in recent years increased her presence globally, and more particularly so, on the African continent. China as a matter of fact, recently invested billion dollars in several nations on the African continent, and this full-swoop investing of billions of dollars by the Chinese, went unheralded by westerners and surprisingly unsung by Africans as well.

There is a cut-throat stiff competition between America and Europe on the one hand and China on the other, and there is no secret in the revived scramble for the resources on the African continent, especially, resources of the hydrocarbon type. An economic and industrial resurgent China is in dire need of sustained and uninterrupted energy supply, and as a consequence, China has, in pursuit of her national interests, as she should, entered bilateral agreements with the nations of Angola, Nigeria, the Sudan, and Venezuela etc. The African nations which have received an upsurge in investment from China have hydrocarbon in common.

A great number of African intellectuals, academic and public policy commentators, journalists etc, have stridently criticized China, these Africans are quick to adopt the self-serving arguments of the United States and European nations, the Africans seemingly ignorant and blissfully unaware, that Africa’s best interests is never what motivates or inspire and animate the scathing criticisms by America and Europe against China’s investments and sundry forays into the African continent. Recently, a commentator on this important battle between American, Europe and China for Africa wrote a very keen observation which I found prescient, profound and quite astute.

In a fine analysis which was written by Antoaneta Becker and titled
China-EU Rivalry in Africa Sharpens http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=51831

“If China needed another prompt that the European powers have finally woken up to the fact they were losing the competition for the Africa pie, it came with France’s bid to recapture lost ground this month.”

“French President Nicolas Sarkozy presided over the 25th Africa-France summit in Nice where for the first time he tacitly acknowledged the success of China’s expansion in Africa by calling on French businesses to emulate it.”

“Without mentioning China by name, Sarkozy declared it was time for Europe to use infrastructure investment along with development aid and fight to increase its influence in Africa once again.”

“Africa is our future… the African continent is asserting itself more and more as a major player in international life,” said Sarkozy. “We cannot govern a 21st century world with a 20th century institution”.

It is quite astonishing that too many Africans seem to always adopt definitions of issues and supporting arguments of same, as outlined by Americans and Europeans, but without a worry or requisite circumspection as to the motives of Americans and Europeans for engaging in those definitions and arguments in support of their position on such issues.

It is quite amazing to often find so many Africans aping adopting a regurgitations of American and European definitions and arguments about a plethora of issues affecting continental Africans and peoples of African descent!

There seems to be too many Africans who naively and childishly hold tenaciously to the belief that Americans and Europeans are seeking the best interests of continental Africans and peoples of African descent, as these Americans and Europeans define issues and set the arguments about African issues. This occurs in annoying regularity, whether the issues are cultural, religious, economic, or the matter of democracy and good government.

Africans who have criticized China investment models in Africa have been quick to accuse China of not asking African nations’ political leaders about political institutional developments, respect for human rights etc. The truth is, American and Europeans have been present in on the African continent unchallenged, and without a scintilla of competition for 600 years during which they inflicted slavery, colonialism and apartheid on Africa. America and Europe also imposed their Christian religion and languages, which includes English, French, Portuguese, and Spanish etc. President Obama visited China and he forgot or neglected to badger and chastise China’s record on Human Rights, the rule of law, due process, democracy and inequalities etc even as America demand that excoriate and badger African governments over Human Rights, the rule of law, due process, democracy and inequalities etc!

America and Europe have badgered Africans with foreign concepts and ideas which have not taken root and have simply put these concepts and ideas have failed Africa in abysmal and dismal ways in the most abject sense! The presence of America and Europe during these several hundred years, has not bettered the lives and fortunes of Africans!

History clearly indicates that African peoples have been left in the lurch by foreign powers from America and Europe and the pathetic underdevelopment, the abject poverty and the desperate human conditions on the African continent has zero input from China and Chinese corporation. The nadir economic and political conditions in Africa are directly related to slavery, colonialism, apartheid etc and China have had zilch role in all of these!

Sometimes, one is left to just wonder, whether African intellectuals, commentators and journalists etc, are naïve, oblivious, or are part of a paid conspiracy against the continent, or why else, would anyone adopt definitions of issues and supporting arguments, which are contrary the evidence, the facts and Africa’s best interest, both short term and long term. Whose side are these Africans on?

There is a raging debate which has persisted for a while now. And it is of concern to me in a triumvirate sense. The outcome of this debate will have tremendous ramifications for Africans. Such outcome will reverberate throughout Africa for hundreds of years.

Foremost, is the impact any outcome of this debate, or contest, between America and Europe on the one hand, and China on the other, what the consequences on Africa will be? Secondly, what effect will this pressure being applied on China, have on China’s forays into Africa. But most urgent of all my concerns here, is whether African public intellectuals are attentively, following this debate or contest wills or spheres of influence between these superpowers , and whether we are seeking to influence the debate-contest and the eventual outcomes.

On August 11, 2009, an uproarious and rancorous event occurred in the Republic of Congo during public questioning of Secretary of State, Mrs. Hilary Rodham Clinton of the United States time in that central African country. Madam Secretary of State was said to have bristled testily, when the questioner appeared to have asked her, what her husband, the other world famous Clinton, thought of a reported meddling by the World Bank, in a contract or loan from the Chinese, which is reportedly being frustrated and truncated, because the World Bank has been pressuring the government of the Congo. I regret that Madam Secretary of State appeared to have faced what probably was a sexist questioning or mindset, or what is now said to be a mere misunderstanding arising from misinterpretation of a question rendered in French.

But here are the crucial questions which ultimately should be addressed by Washington in connection with the questioner‘s concerns. Why should any foreign institution or foreign government interfere in the internal affairs of the Congo? And why should the World Bank or the United States government or any of its departments or agency, be remotely connected in any way, to the reported attempt to thwart contracts between the Congo and China, two politically independent and sovereign nations?

In recent times, there have been these sorts of contracts and loan twists and turns in Nigeria-China interactions, so perhaps, we now know the sources? And is Nigeria’s open dealing with China really the reason for the snub of Nigeria recently? But why must Nigeria, nay Africa, let Westerners have monopoly of doing “business” or exploiting Africa?

History is our witness, and the evidence establishes and demonstrates incontrovertibly that America and Europe do not have clean hands regarding the human conditions in Africa. History bears the facts of America and European horrid brutalities in Africa. How is it therefore, America and Europe are shouting the loudest about China’s forays into Africa. It is often said that those who seek equity or those who come to equity should come with clean hands. Regarding Africa, Americans and European hands are soiled most putridly. The preachments which we now are hearing from America and Europe, are mere pretentious and farcical preachments. America and Europe, are pots, and if anything, China is kettle, and it is oxymoronic to find pot calling kettle black.

For starters, America and Europe have been in Africa for almost a thousand years! And evidences about of how America and Europe have pauperized Africa by stripping the continent of tangible and intangible resources. Ranging from human beings during slave trade, to raw materials during industrial revolution and since. And more recently, stripping of Africa of gold, diamond, petroleum and cheap labor.

China was not involved in slave trade of Africans, China was not involved in colonialism of Africans, China was not involved in imposing foreign religious on Africans. China was not involved in imposing foreign languages, such as English, French and Portuguese on Africans. China has not been involved in the assassination of African political leaders. China has so far been doing business in Africa, in ways, not any way as egregious as Union Carbide in Bhopal India or Pfizer in Nigeria

The West does not brook competition for resources or business or hemispheric influence, and there lays the West scurrilous attack on China’s foray into the African continent. Only the gullible will believe that this is about Human Rights or Labor Practices or Best Business Practices, history has abundantly borne this out. In Nigeria, environmental pollution degradation by oil companies from America and Europe who have engaged in unbridled oil spillages and gas flaring. And Pfizer pharmaceuticals, which experimented its toxic concoctions on the innocent lives of Nigerian children in Kano City Nigeria, a thing Pfizer would never do in America or Europe! China so far, at least, has not engaged in the egregious practices for which many American and European companies in African and most of the developing world are infamous.

Africa did not benefit from Western slave trade and colonialism in Africa and Westerners can be sure that Africans are no retards unaware of Africa’s best interests. On the other hand, African public intellectuals and of course, by what is African political leadership, should make it abundantly clear and certain to the Chinese that Africa need partners, friends and investors, but not re-colonization by anyone, from the west or east! The Westerners should hands off Africa. Let Africa chart her own course and path to progress, development and advancement. Africa have been stifled with strictures endlessly.

As for labor practices and pollution, oil exploration and exploitation in Nigeria and elsewhere has not shown that companies and corporations run by Westerners are interested in Best Business Practices or Corporate Responsibility and Corporate Good Citizenship. Persistent oil spillages in Nigeria. Ruinous medical experiment in Kano Nigeria by Pfizer and activities of such as the ones by Union Carbide in Bhopal India are clearly indictments against phony and pretentious claims by Western business in the Africa and the rest of the developing world! Westerners have not laid any good precepts, and China cannot do any worse than Westerners have done. It certainly better to have a wider pool of options of Foreign Direct Investments in Africa.

China invest wads and wads of dollars in America. China in effect underwrites a great deal of American public debt and why then is it, that America does not tell China to go stuff her dollars elsewhere, because of her infamous record on democracy and human rights?

And I will say it a million times if I have to. Africans should be very wary of persons, such as umbrella sellers who also doubles as meteorologist in the habit of always predicting or forecasting rains

Africans including Nigerians of course, should want to know why America accepts money from China without even a whimper or murmur inclination to hinge such on and about China ‘s political economic systems and without raising issues about democratic forms of governance and human rights etc

Essentially therefore, Africa has nothing to show for a thousand years of Africa’s contact with America and Europe, unless of course Western Imperialism is considered a benefit to Africa. History does show, that Africa’s contact with America and Europeans, have only brought to the average African, endless sorrows, tears and shedding of bloods. Weapons of conflicts in African nations are not supplied by China.

The scramble for Africa, the white man conquest of the African continent had no Chinese input or participation. And lest the world forgets, China was not invited to the so-called Berlin Conference in which Western powers “shared” African amongst themselves, as if pirates dividing illegal loots. The Irish-Anglo historian, Thomas Pakenham wrote a book which he recounted the scramble for Africa. He detailed interventions in African affairs, encapsulates the horrors and brutalities meted upon Africa by Westerners, still evident today!

China was not invited to it, and China played no roles when Victorian England, Germany and rest of Europe partitioned Africa. And arbitrarily assigned African peoples to different European so-called mother countries of Britain, Belgium, France, Germany, Portugal, Spain etc

And now, it is China, Russia and the United States ate scrambling anew, for needful resources to oil their economies, all puns intended! And Africa remains a great source of plethora of resources for industrial powers. Africans should determine their own fate; apologies to President Obama. America and Europe must hands off Africa and allow Africans to determine who are worthy and meaningful partners. Africans are able to determine who are the true friends and partners of the continent.

African public intellectuals and political leadership, must insist that only Africans may rightly determine where Africa’s interests will be served and served with commitment and dedication, and above all, with respect. Westerners have for centuries sought prestige, strategic resources at Africa’s expense. For centuries, Africa has served Western expediencies, and needs in human cargoes, gold and diamond now, petroleum oil, to lubricate Westerners’ economic engines, while leaving Africa in poverty, and worse, actually ridiculing Africa for being poor and backward.

A thousand of years is proof enough of the abysmal and dismal effects of appalling methods used by Westerners in Africa and Westerners’ interventions in Africa have had no measurable beneficial effects and the Chinese have never been involved nor played any roles or parts in the nefarious activities by Westerners which have degraded and dehumanized Africans and the human conditions on the African continent. I therefore do not see the why Africans must allow Westerners, these same Westerners, of whom we are thoroughly familiar.

Westerners with blood in their hands; Westerners who now pretend to be acting in Africa’s best interests, be warning Africa against the Chinese “invasion and takeover” of Africa! The truth of the matter is that, Africa have in the past been bullied and stampeded into plied for Westerner health, wealth and happiness for far too long, and if the relationship between Westerners and Africa were a marriage, Africa should have had or demanded for divorce or separation long ago. Africa should be free to have “an affair” with the Chinese! Westerners have taken Africa for granted for hundreds of years. So perhaps it is time for Africa to tell Westerners that papa got a brand new bag!

Why is China being criticized for having no political views, on local matters in African nations in which the Chinese are making some inroads? Put conversely, why does the United States accept money from China to finance American public debts without a whimper or murmur about China’s Human Right records or and Chinese non-adherence to the fine ideals of democracy, freedom, liberty and the rule of law? But instead, President Obama upon assuming office and inheriting the economic meltdown; actually singled China out and appealed to China to continue to have faith in the resilience of the American economy. As he urged China keeping the tap of more dollars flowing into the American economy; this, even though, China already has more than a trillion dollars invested in purchase of American public debt.

Why would Westerners ignore all the “evils” reeking off China’s clothes, when the bell tolls for Westerners? But, the same Westerners are trepidations and stampede to warn Africa off, of, Chinese pungent undemocratic ways, and perverse-putrid human rights abuses, only now, because China is giving the Westerners a run for their money in Africa? Western self-interests of course! In China’s forays into various African nations, Westerners finally have a fidelity challenge. Let the competition begin, I’ll say!

http://www.lesafriques.com/en/news/international/china-wants-to-go-even-farther-with-africa.html?Itemid=35?articleid=0065

2.http://www.google.com/search?client=gmail&rls=gm&q=China%20invest 28 billion%20dollars in Africa

3.http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/28/business/worldbusiness/28iht-yuan.3.19745865.html

Written by Paul I. Adujie
Lawyer, Writer, Essayist, Commentator, Public Affairs Analyst, News & Current Affrairs Reviews, Radio Show Host Etc

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More People Live in China Than US And Cananada

More people live in China than live in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Australia, Russia, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, and Japan put together.

China

More people live in China than live in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Australia, Russia, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, and Japan put together. It’s the world’s biggest country in population and the fourth largest in area. Only Russia, Canada, and the United States are larger.

China is located in eastern Asia. Its official name is the People’s Republic of China. The Chinese themselves call their country Zhongguo, which means “Central Country” or “Middle Kingdom.”

Facts About China

 

 

Official name

People’s Republic of China

Capital

Beijing

Population

1,330,000,000 people

Rank among countries in population

1st

Major cities

Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing, Tianjin

Area

3,700,000 square miles
9,570,000 square kilometers

Rank among countries in area

4th

Highest point

Mt. Everest
29,035 feet/8,850 meters

Currency

Yuan

 

THE GIANT OF EAST ASIA

One in every five people in the world lives in China. That adds up to about 1.3 billion people in all. The port city of Shanghai is China’s largest city. The second biggest city is Beijing, the capital. Each has more than 13 million people!

China covers more than one-fifth of Asia, the world’s biggest continent. At its widest point, east to west, China extends about 3,000 miles (5,000 kilometers).

EVERY KIND OF TERRAIN

China’s great size gives it almost every kind of terrain and weather. The highest mountains in the world, the Himalayas, lie partly in China’s western territory. China is home to huge, empty deserts in the north and northwest, called the Gobi and the Takla Makan. Dense, tropical forests cover slopes and valleys in the far south.

Asia’s longest river, the Yangtze, flows 3,900 miles (6,300 kilometers) across China before reaching the Pacific Ocean at Shanghai. The river provides water for China’s rich farmlands, where tea, rice, cotton, sugarcane, and soybeans are grown.

RARE ANIMALS

Some kinds of animals that have become extinct elsewhere still survive in China. But China’s growing human population poses a threat to many of these wild animals.

Southwestern China is home to a famous black-and-white bear called the giant panda. Today, giant pandas are endangered. There are only about 1,000 of them still living in the wild. A small deer, called the Chinese water deer, survives only in Central China and Korea.

ONE COUNTRY, MANY LANGUAGES

There are many ways to speak the Chinese language. Chinese has different forms that are spoken in different parts of the country. These forms are called dialects. Most Chinese speak one of the Mandarin dialects. In fact, more people speak Mandarin than any other language in the world.

Most of China’s people are known as Han Chinese. But China also recognizes 55 minority groups. They include Tibetans, Mongols, and many smaller groups. Many minority groups speak their own native languages.

A RICH CIVILIZATION

Chinese civilization is one of the world’s oldest. The earliest Chinese cities go back more than 5,000 years. China influenced the culture of many surrounding countries, including Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.

China gave the world many famous inventions. The Chinese invented paper and printing. They made the first silk, the first porcelain, and the first compass. Do you like fireworks or kites or playing cards? The Chinese were the first to make these things, too. These inventions gradually spread to other parts of the world.

CONFUCIUS SAID

Have you ever heard someone say “Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself”? If you have, then you know at least one saying from Confucius. It’s sometimes called the “golden rule” of Confucius.

Confucius was a Chinese teacher and philosopher. He lived about 2,500 years ago. Confucius valued old books and learning. He believed people should respect their elders and parents. He said that leaders couldn’t rule well if they didn’t live a good life. His sayings and teachings are still important in China today.

Confucius didn’t actually write his sayings down. His students and followers did. That’s why many of his thoughts begin with the phrase “Confucius said …”

Confucianism is just one of several traditional Chinese religions. Daoism and Buddhism are other important ones.

FROM EMPERORS TO COMMUNISM

For thousands of years, dynasties ruled over China. Dynasties were rich and powerful families led by an emperor. The most famous was the Ming dynasty.

The Ming dynasty built the Great Wall of China starting in the late 1400s to protect China from outside invaders. The wall winds thousands of miles across northern China and is the longest structure ever built.

The Ming dynasty also built the Forbidden City in Beijing. This was a beautiful palace surrounded by walls that no ordinary people could enter. That’s changed. Today, anyone can visit the Forbidden City. It’s one of China’s biggest tourist attractions.

In the early 1900s, the last Chinese dynasty fell. Bitter fighting and a civil war broke out. In 1949, the civil war ended and Mao Zedong, the head of the Communist Party, became leader of China. The Communist Party still rules China today.

BIG COUNTRY, BIG CHANGES

For many years, China was closed to people and products of the outside world. But China has changed a lot. In the 1980s and 1990s, it opened its doors to visitors and trade. China’s economy grew quickly.

Millions of people have moved from the countryside into cities to find work. In the cities, there are thousands of factories that produce many of the toys, clothes, and machines sold today in the United States and other countries. Although China remains poor by world standards, it is rapidly catching up with more developed countries.

http://royaltrigger.blogspot.com/2010/12/more-people-live-in-china-than-live-in.html

Written by PCPWORLD

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China!

China looks like becoming the worlds super-power. One of the reasons I think we have little to fear from China, is due to its size.

Sure there are a hell of a lot of them, but 90% of the population have never picked up a telephone. They have one of the largest populations on the Web, but I cannot see them swamping Google and Ebay?

No, I think its quality over quality. Just because there are a lot of heads, doesn’t mean to say we should give in to that thinking. One of the reasons Chinese goods are flooding our markets, is due to cheapness. But they only achieve this price by not paying any real wages.

The Chines government took out a 500 Billion Dollar bond, to underwrite its whole economy. So they basically threw money at it, and paid us to take the stuff. All well and good, but there will come a day when they have to pay it back, and where did they borrow it from in the first place?

The Government love the idea of Communism, but only like it applied to the working class, not for them.

There will come a day when the workers wake up and see this. A bit like the aristocracy in England in the 19th century. They wanted the industrial revolution but only for themselves. But they have to hand some power back to the shop floor, when they realised none of them were clever enough to work these new machines. And the clever workers were!

This is what will happen in China.

They clearly feel there is an up and coming problem, as they are now investing in the UK. Taking over the old Rover plant, they want to carry on making MG cars. There is even talk of them investing in a cotton mill in Lancashire.

The sad truth of all this is, that few of these companies are really Chinese.

They are British and American companies which hide behind the Chinese flag. Sure they have Chinese nationals on the board, and maybe even pay tax to that country, but the power behind them is foreign.

Of course everyone has the rite to trade where ever they want, but trying to play the role of the merchant Princes might backfire on them. We certainly live in a different world now.

Take the new ship Queen Mary2. This was built by a French firm, on French soil. But it employed just as many English people as it did French. They may not live in the UK or pay tax there, but they are certainly British.

If the mood of the world turns sour and the wars of the future mean we might have to draw a line in the sand, where would China stand? The shape of the new world, would mean that no country could afford to go to war with any other. Russia’s recent threat to re-deploy missiles at the west, would mean they were targeting their most valuable customers, and will certainly think long and hard before doing any sabre rattling. China would feel the threat of a new cold war, more than most, as they now have a population where expect a high standard of living.

The Government owns all the property. This will chance too. The world will see a host of hungry entrepreneurs all carving out their little empire. True to say there will be a lot of upheaval. But what ever happens, China will not stay the same. There will be problems coming from the far East, but not in the form of the monster Communist Block. Those days are finished.

China has one of the worlds oldest civilizations. The capital, Beijing, with its 11 million inhabitants, is now a modern city with skyscrapers, highways and shopping malls. Its several ancient monuments are all oases of silence. The Tien’anmen square is possibly the largest and most famous square in the world. The former imperial palace, surrounded by a wall, was called ‘the Forbidden City’ because a commoner could not enter. Also beautiful are the Summer Palace and the Temple of Heaven, where masterpieces from ancient artists await visitors. When in Beijing, one must not forget the Buddhist temples, and the zoo, wherevery rare panda bears live. Let us not forget about the gastronomical aspects of China, since the country’s cuisine is world famous. From Beijing we can travel to the old capital, Xian, where the famous clay soldiers can be seen. The Ming Dinasty Tombs are only 50 kilometres from Beijing and the Great Wall of China is also a manageable distance.
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Why Chinese Programmers Are Ahead of The Pack, Outsourcing China

According to some reports, China is just a few years away from catching up with India as the destination of choice for companies looking to outsource all or parts of their operations. Others say, no way! Too many barriers sit between it and success. The important question right now is what recent developments in China mean to your organization and its outsourcing strategies.

Taken at face value, China’s presence in the service provider world is good news, since much of the impetus to 

outsourcing is cost management, particularly in the area of labor. China’s cost advantage — which can translate into as much as a 70% savings over US salaries — sounds compelling.

But, of course, there’s more to consider than simply hourly labor cost. Quality of work, reliability, efficiency, flexibility, ease of communication and cultural issues are just as relevant in laying out an outsourcing strategy, as are macro factors such as geopolitical risks. Accordingly, this multi-part report begins with an overview of the current IT outsourcing landscape in China. We follow this with a quick discussion on the issues every decision maker and manager should think about before sending work to China.

Shortly, we’ll publish interviews with people on the ground in China who offer their practical advice for working with

China-based service providers.

Low Labor Costs as Pull Factor

The most outstanding virtue of China as an outsourcing destination is the cost. In fact, China is often mentioned

breathlessly as “cheaper than India.”

According to Bryan Huang, president of BearingPoint Great China, an engineer costing ,000 a month in the U.S would cost only 0 in China. And that’s for an engineer in Shanghai. According to ChinaHr.com, the salary level of an engineer in places like Xian or Dalian is closer to 0 a month. In short, the cost can be said to be between a sixth to an eighth of what it would be in the U.S., the variances being accounted for by regional differences.

Though there are analysts who argue that China is, on average, on par with India in terms of cost — Ian Marriott,

Research Vice President of Gartner being one of them — the fact is, in monetary terms, China’s pull will increase as

salary inflation drives cost up in India, the current dominant offshoring destination. India’s IT industry, blessed by high demands but beset by lagging human resources, experienced a 14% salary inflation in 2003. The trend is set to continue, which means that, based on a 13% compound annual growth rate, Indian programmers’ pay will nearly double by 2010. Already, according to JP Morgan, some Indian companies have put in place offshore floor rates of to  an hour.

This labor cost advantage will be sustainable for a time to come. China has a large, expanding and sustainable pool of IT workers. Chinese universities, which matriculated 140,000 students in 2003, are predicted to churn out IT workers at an annual rate of between 150,000 and 200,000. The 2,000 Chinese universities (with current enrollment of just about 10 million students) can easily increase the numbers when the government decides there’s a need.

The ultimate testament to the importance of this virtue comes from India, whose firms, looking to continue their 

dominance and growth, have decided to make China part of the solution. Nandan Nilekani, CEO of Infosys Technologies, declared that the company needs “a deep reservoir of talent as well as an alternative low-cost center like India as we continue to grow — and only China can match up.”

A Background and History of China’s IT Outsourcing Industry

The software outsourcing business in China is still in its infancy. Most of the growth and attention is recent.

Cyrill Eltschinger, who started I.T. UNITED in 1998, before China was on anyone’s map as an IT destination, attests to it: “I can tell you for a fact that pitching China-based high-end engineering services was — up to the 2003 timeframe – a hard sell and a long shot.”

The numbers show it. China’s software exports, which include software outsourcing, was a miniscule 0 million in 1999. It grew to billion in 2003 and is estimated to be .2 billion in 2004, according to International Finance Corp. Since China didn’t open up until 1979, there was little industry to speak of before that. In the 1980s and until the mid -1990s, much of the limited pool of engineers’ talents and energies were spent on reverse-engineering key hardware technologies. “It was driven by the government and focused on things such as circuit design and technologies with mixed civilian-military importance,” explained Thomas Brizendine, a senior partner at market consultant GCiS China Services in an article published in China Business Review.

In the ’90s, as China developed and IT needs expanded, the industry diversified and shifted in focus. It developed a large number of relatively basic information systems involving, typically, simple manipulation of databases. These systems were developed independently with little thought on integration or overall design issues.

In the late ’90s, thinking about software integration began to emerge in some quarters. But the Internet bubble became a major distraction. When that floated into the sunset, it left in its wake an industry that is still — on the whole – new to systems thinking, component-based design, true objected oriented design, and development capabilities and best practices.

The recent flurry of activity that helped put China on the outsourcing map came about partly as a result of government support and promotion, partly because of Japan’s push to move much of its software development work to China, and partly because a number of large foreign companies — GE, Microsoft, Dell, SAP and HP, for example — started up R&D centers in China.

Nevertheless, presently, non-domestic outsourcing business accounts for just 10% of the industry’s total revenue (compared with around 70% for India). Of this, according to McKinsey & Company, about 65% is contributed by Japanese companies demanding low-value application development work.

Growth in the outsourcing business presently is still driven by domestic demand, where customers are primarily small and midsized Chinese enterprises that want their software customized to their needs. The reality of the domestic market is that many projects are below optimal scale and that suppliers often compete on price (and not necessarily quality).

(We should point out that the sophistication of the domestic software companies is also directly related to fact that 

Chinese enterprises do not, in general, rely on IT for competitive advantage. The game is about price, distribution and relationships, even though there are a few companies with fully integrated ERP programs.)

This is changing. China’s industries and institutions are starting to spend more on IT and are going beyond basic 

systems. “The longstanding habit of burying software costs inside the hardware costs, while still common, seems to be coming to an end as clients become more sophisticated and system demands increase beyond what is available from simplistic software solutions,” according to Mr. Brizendine.

The Vendor Landscape

This backdrop explains the fragmented vendor landscape. The Chinese software industry is awash with small companies. Of some 8,000 IT services companies in China, about three-quarters are small operations with fewer than 50 employees. Only five companies have more than 2,000 employees, according to McKinsey. Although the data is a bit dated, in 2002 the China Software Industry reported that the average revenue of its members was a modest 0,000.

McKinsey also noted darkly in its publication, The McKinsey Quarterly, that “The top 10 IT-services companies have only about a 20% share of the market, compared with the 45% commanded by India’s top 10.” Currently, there is no company in China with a status and recognition in the global market synonymous with that garnered by India’s Tata Consultancy Services, Infosys or Wipro Technologies.

This fragmentation feeds into and explains why many of the Chinese software companies haven’t been able to amass the kind of higher level skills needed to handle projects larger than one-off contracting work.

Though there’s a rush towards capability maturity model (CMM) certification, as of the beginning of 2005, only six of China’s 30 largest software companies are certified at levels four or five.

The implication for any company looking to outsource to China is that, though the landscape is crowded, finding the right partner can be difficult.

The challenge in working with smaller companies is that they make for riskier partners in terms of reliability and on-going viability. They have difficulty retaining the best people or gaining experience in large, complex projects. Scalability may be an issue. Also, because projects and resources are limited, so is training. In fact, though the universities are graduating thousands of engineers a year, competition for the most talented and experienced people is high. Bigger shops such as IBM and Nortel Networks, which are establishing their own development centers in China, are gobbling up the top talent.

Of course, large size isn’t a stamp of validation either. The major Chinese software firms often started out as or are engaged in hardware distribution, corporate network system integration, software/hardware systems integration and software development. These companies expanded into the outsourcing business because of increased competition in their original industries and new opportunities in the services market.

The result, noted a report by International Finance Corporation (IFC), is that “in many cases, the largest, most well known software groups in China will conduct several (or perhaps all) of the above IT business lines along with software outsourcing, displaying little focus compared to IT companies in more mature markets.” Using Digital China as an example, the IFC report critiqued the “giant with revenues of RMB 15 billion (USD .8 billion)” to “lack a clear business focus.”

The IFC report also questioned the ability of companies primarily skilled in product-oriented software development processes to transition smoothly to service-oriented software outsourcing.

Then, there is always a danger of conflict of interest when a company is not a pure-play outsourcing vendor. There is more risk of intellectual property infringement if a vendor is also in the business of building and selling software.

Still, it is not mission impossible to find a good medium sized service provider. Affiliated Computer Service, Inc. (ACS) outsources application development to I.T. UNITED, which currently has 125 employees. ACS, which is itself a large business process and information technology outsourcing player, says it is happy with the work I.T. UNITED has done.

In fact, with more media attention and effort on the part of the Chinese government to promote the industry, it has become easier to identify some of the better and larger players.

For example, Managing Offshore newsletter and NeoIT, an offshoring advisory firm, identified a “Top 10 to Watch in China” in its first Offshore 100 study. It also included six China-based service providers on its “Meet the Offshore 100″ list.

However, not every company on the list is actually ready for English-speaking foreign business. For example, Sichuan Yinhai Software Limited Liability Company, number seven on the list, was unable to answer inquiries from this writer because there was — we were informed — no one ready to communicate in English. (The company Web site, Yinhai.com, is entirely in Chinese).

Zhonghua Qu and Michael Brocklehurst, coauthoring a paper published in the Journal of Information Technology, titled, “What will it take for China to become a competitive force in offshore outsourcing? An analysis of the role of transaction costs in supplier selection,” concluded that the search for the right service provider and subsequent due-diligence can be incredibly time consuming “It is also very difficult to find trustworthy information about Chinese suppliers, particularly in English through the Internet or other media,” the authors wrote. As compared to India’s NASSCOM, the government-managed China Software Industry Association provides little helpful information for offshore customers.

The good news: The seeming difficulty of finding a service provider can well help you separate the chaff from the wheat. RedPrairie Corp., a global supply chain software solutions company, sent five RFPs when it was looking for a company to help set up and manage a 100-person offshore development center. Only one replied. The CEO and founder of Bleum Inc., Eric Rongley, recounts the story with a chuckle of how his then-young company clinched the million contract: “Because only we were ready to do business.” The relationship is on-going.

A Questionable Talent Pool

Another risk factor is the talent pool available in China. Though the supply of workers is abundant, the quality of this supply is, in fact, still questionable and hence something to consider before outsourcing to China.

Bleum, one of the top IT outsourcing services firm in China, alludes to it on its Web site. “As an emerging market, it is hard to find employees with ten years experience, however, what a developer might lack in experience is made up for in intelligence and work ethic.”

Joseph Hsu, chief executive of Symbio Group in Rockville, Md., which has operations in Beijing and Wuhan, put the number of architecture-level IT engineers in China to just 1,000 and compared that to the 200,000 currently working in India. Far Eastern Economic Review reported “only about 10% of China’s IT workers have experience in complex programming tasks. Organizational ability is another stumbling block.”

It is an issue that is acknowledged as potentially deleterious to the development of China’s software outsourcing industry. For example, a 2004 article in the English language weekly Beijing Review reported: “The lack of capacity to explore the high-end market and the absence of senior software project managers could hamper rapid development of Chinese software exports, experts observed at the two-day Global Outsourcing 2003 held in Shanghai on Oct 14.”

But the lack of experienced project managers isn’t the only skills gap, if an experiment done by GCiS is any clue. The company tested over 400 programmers over four months in Unix operations, Unix programming, C programming, C++ programming, Java programming, Oracle operation, Oracle programming, component design, and documentation practices.

GCiS had three people — one American, one Swiss and one PRC national — averaging over 15 years of software development and management experience each design the tests. The programmers were tested with basic, intermediate and advanced questions in all of the subjects. The programmers were asked to take the test that corresponded with his or her resume.

Not a single programmer passed the intermediate or advanced Unix tests and — according to Mr. Brizendine — “only a very (very) few have passed the advanced C, C++, Java and Oracle tests.” Forebodingly, Brizendine also noted that “component design mystifies the vast majority and documentation practices are horrible.”

GCiS doesn’t claim the experiment is scientific, but it was conducted in Beijing, where the better engineers presumably reside. The company concluded that Chinese programmers are short on technical skills.

It’s also extremely difficult to find individuals with experience working on specific business applications such as PeopleSoft, SAP, or Siebel Systems, according to Marc Herbert, executive VP of Sierra Atlantic, a Fremont company specializing in offshore software development.

This is not to say that China is a complete wasteland where talent is concerned. Where’s the silver lining? Though Chinese programmers are short on technical skills, they’re long on intelligence. The trick, said Mr. Rongley, is to know how to “discern what is the cream,” and then to train them, which is what companies — the good ones — often do.

The cream, according to Mr. Rongley, is astoundingly good. “What amazed me when I first came to China and to Capital One was the pool of geniuses out here. They can catch up really quickly if you can get the top of the talent pool.”

However, this kind of a landscape means that “China is right now better at projects where experience does not matter a lot and where raw intelligence is everything.”

Read Part 2 of “Outsourcing China” coming soon!

Written by salnarducci
Just trying to publish a few articles and hopefully make a buck or two…

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